Robust maximum power point tracking for photovoltaic cells: A backstepping mode control approach

In this paper, we study a system consisting of a photovoltaic (PV) array panel, dc-to-dc switching converter and a battery. A backstepping PWM controller is developed to maximize the power of the solar generating system. The controller tracks a desired array voltage, designed online by using MPPT algorithm, by varying the duty cycle of the switching converter. The stability of the control algorithm is demonstrated by means of Lyapunov analysis. Representative numerical results demonstrate that the power system can be controlled to track the maximum power point of the photovoltaic array panel.