Multimodal traffic equilibrium model based on traveler's combined choice within super-network

The urban multimodal transport system is a regular pattern of superposition and compound of different transport modes such as car, bus and bike. In this paper, the structure of such system is fully analyzed and a super-network topology model is proposed to describe it. The traveler's combined choice behaviors (including mode choice and route choice) are then analyzed. Accordingly, the generalized travel cost is modeled while both traveler's properties and mode's properties are included. Simultaneously, the link impedance function based on travel demand is formulated while the interferences between different modes are taken into account. On the basis of these, a variational inequality model is then proposed to describe multi-user equilibrium assignment for multimodal transport system. The solution algorithm is also presented. Finally, a numerical example is provided to illustrate the model and algorithm.