Transmission congestion management through optimal distributed generation's sizing and placement

In both vertically integrated and restructured power systems, it is desired to transmit power to every parts of the network without any limits resulted from congestion and consequently avoiding inefficiency in generation dispatch. In this paper, in order to eliminate power system's congestion, distributed generation (DG) is employed. DG's have nonlinear impacts on the power system characteristics such as, the power transmitted between two locations of the network. Hence for identifying the impacts of DG on system variables, the problem of DG's sizing and placement is formulated as an AC optimal power flow (ACOPF) with binary variables and is solved by using mixed integer programming (MIP). In order to test the feasibility of mentioned method, the IEEE-14 bus systems has been used and also to study the impacts of DG's on this system, a number of system variables have been studied including: generation cost, congestion rent, locational marginal price (LMP), voltage profile and transmission losses.