Laparoscopic implant device for intramuscular electrodes

Intramuscular electrodes have been shown to be useful in restoring diaphragm function. However, difficulties in locating the optimal location for the electrode and the actual electrode placement make this approach less attractive. In an attempt to resolve these issues, epimysial electrodes were investigated as possible alternatives. Although we were able to develop techniques to locate the optimal site and implant the electrodes, the resulting tissue reaction was deemed unsatisfactory. In the present effort, we have returned to the intramuscular electrode because of its previous performance, both functionally and histologically. Using the technique developed for epimysial electrode placement, we are now able to locate the placement site, but, unfortunately, one obstacle still remains-that being the placement of the intramuscular electrode. A device to laparoscopically implant intramuscular electrodes has been developed. Here, we describe the device and some preliminary work done with it.