General Approach for Homogenisation of Multi-turn Windings in Three-dimensional Finite Element Models

Multi-turn windings in electromagnetic devices may be subjected to considerable skin and proximity effect. Taking into account this effect accurately in a FE model of a complete device remains a challenge as the bruteforce approach, consisting in discretising each separate turn of the winding, is in most cases extremely expensive in terms of memory requirements and computation time. Homogenisation methods are therefore indispensable.