Governing the eco-city utopia

The eco-city concept may in practice too easily turn out into a “green finish” to traditional planning, design and construction practice. How can we ensure that eco-city goals are truly achieved? Do we need traditional governmental tools and requirements such as regulation and enforcement, or would non-regulatory instruments achieve better results? What are examples of both categories? And, last but not least, what are their opportunities and threats for governing eco-cities?