Surface wave investigation of different size rectangular patch HIGP and low profile antenna interaction

Multi-scale rectangular element mushroom structure high impedance ground plane (HIGP) designed to exhibit larger band gap frequency range to cover greater bandwidth for low profile antenna design. The HIGP's are composed of three different dimensioned rectangular patch mushroom elements for different resonance frequency realization. The characterizations of the three scaled HIGP varying all the dimensions are observed between 1-20 GHz frequency ranges. The effect of the multi-scale HIGP to the return loss of dipole antenna radiates at 8,5 GHz for free space investigated depending on the dipole direction and position.