Low-dimensional carbon nanostructures performed by cleaving of highly ordered pyrolytic graphite wafer

This paper presents fabrication of low-dimensional carbon nanowires and graphene by cleaving the highly ordered pyrolytic graphite (HOPG) wafer. Low-dimensional carbon nanowires spontaneously formed or performed by cleaving of HOPG on the surface of a freshly-cleaved HOPG wafer is observed by atomic force microscopy (AFM), an ultrahigh vacuum scanning tunneling microscopy (UHV-STM), and a scanning electron microscopy(SEM).