Concept and results of educational collaboration among universities

Collaboration is useful in the field of education. Things difficult individually can be achieved by collaboration and the collaborative learning is effective for fostering critical thinking and problem solving potentials. But, the requirements for a collaboration system are different from those for virtual universities. And there are not many articles about how the actual collaboration takes places and if the expected effects really are observed. The collaboration system between universities was developed and operated for 13 years in Japan. This article reports conceptual reviews and actual results of the educational collaboration.