Dielectric elastomers and compliant metal electrode technology

Dielectric elastomers have demonstrated most potential as muscle-like actuators because they can undergo large deformation, have a high energy density and a relatively fast response. The basic structure of a dielectric elastomer (DE) is simple - an elastomer film sandwiched between two electrodes. The electrodes that sandwich the elastomer play a key role in the electromechanical performance. The electrodes must be highly compliant, have low mechanical stiffness and remain conductive for large area strains. Much research emphasis is being placed on the design of more sophisticated complaint electrodes that combine very good conductivity with improved robustness in the face of electrical breakdown. This contribution discusses compliant metal electrode technology and reviews some of the research being carried out in this area at the Mads Clausen Institute.