A new multiline TRL calibration technique implemented with a variable phase shifter

By using artificial coaxial lines, synthesized with a variable phase shifter, a new multiline Thru-Reflect-Line (TRL) calibration technique for vector a network analyzer (VNA) is introduced in this paper. The main advantages of the new multiline TRL is the enhancement of the calibration frequency band for lower frequencies and the use of a phase shifter rather than different coaxial air lines.