Nonlinear localization of light within 1D photonic lattices and superlattices optically induced in photorefractive lithium niobate using projection technique

Spatial periodic modulation of a refractive index in photorefractive materials by light interference patterns may result in formation of 1D or 2D systems of coupled optical waveguides (photonic lattices or superlattices) which make possible nonlinear localization of light, e.g. some kinds of discrete spatial solitons [1, 2]. If the non-periodic waveguide systems are necessary, more complicated techniques should be used [3]. In this work, we study the features of a nonlinear diffraction of light within 1D waveguide structures optically induced in photorefractive bulk and planar waveguide samples of lithium niobate (LiNbO
3
) using projection technique.