Measurement of distribution concentricity of S&T activity and its application

It is shown that S&T activity has high concentricity in distribution. This paper explores the measurement of the concentricity, which is less considered up to now. Based on empirical analyses this paper has shown that the distribution of statistical data of S&T scale indicators from sample units can be described by lognormal distribution. The paper also introduces concepts of Gini Index used in social and economic science field to measure the concentricity of S&T activity distribution and put forward a formula G = 2Phi(sigma/ radic2)-1 for calculating the concentricity based on lognormal distribution. Finally, applications of the paper's method have been discussed.