Nonuniformity correction factors for maximum mesh-voltages of combined grid-multiple rods electrodes

Correction factors for evaluating maximum mesh-voltages associated with combined grid-multiple rods ground electrodes in two-layer soils are calculated for a wide set of ground electrodes to expand the application of available uniform soil expressions to nonuniform soil cases. Square and rectangular grids are examined reinforced by rods of fixed length distributed along the grid perimeter only and along the grid perimeter and grid diagonals. Results of the calculations of 2200 cases generated by varying electrodes and soil parameters are displayed as graphs appropriate for practical application. Approximate analytical expressions for correction factors are also derived matching reasonably well with the calculated data. These expressions offer an insight in the most effective ground electrodes parameters which might serve in the design process.