Optimization of Nominal Mixing Ratio of Mg to B in Fabrication of Magnesium Diboride Bulk

In this paper bulk magnesium diboride (Mg
_x
B
₂
) with x varying from 0.9 to 1.3 was prepared by solid state reaction. The Mg:B mixing ratio for ideal MgB
₂
is 1:2. The samples were sintered at 800degC for 60 h. Quantitative X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis was performed to obtain the lattice parameters, the microstrain, and the weight fraction of impurities using the Rietveld refinement method. It has been found that the fraction of pure MgB
₂
phase increases from x = 0.9 to x = 1.1, and then decreases with further increases in x. Mg
_1.1
B
₂
exhibits the highest critical current density, J
_c
, over other samples in both low fields and high fields. A direct correlation between J
_c
and connectivity indicates that better connectivity, caused by smaller amounts of impurities, results in the best J
_c
in Mg
_1.1
B
₂
.