PMU placement for power system observability using binary particle swarm optimization

A binary particle swarm optimization (BPSO) based methodology for the optimal placement of phasor measurement units (PMUs) for complete observability of a power system is presented in this paper. The objectives of the optimization problem are to minimize the total number of PMUs required, and to maximize the measurement redundancy at the power system buses. Simulation results on the IEEE 14-bus and 30-bus test systems are presented in this paper.