Characterization of Anomalous Diffusion from MR Signal may be a New Probe to Tissue Microstructure

Observation of translational self-diffusion of water molecules using magnetic resonance (MR) techniques has proven to be a powerful means to probe tissue microstructure. The collected MR signal depends on experimentally controllable parameters as well as the descriptors of tissue geometry. In order to obtain the latter, one needs to employ accurate models to characterize the dependence of the signal on the varied experimental parameters. In this work, a simple model describing diffusion in disordered media and fractal spaces is shown to describe the diffusion-time dependence of the diffusion attenuated MR signal obtained from biological specimens successfully. The model enables one to quantify the evolution of the average water displacement probabilities in terms of two exponents _dw and ds. The experiments performed on excised human neural tissue samples and human red blood cell ghosts indicate that these two parameters are sensitive to tissue microstructure. Therefore, it may be possible to use the proposed scheme to generate novel contrast mechanism for classifying and segmenting tissue.