“Bad urban” uplink multipaths’ distribution in azimuth-elevation DOA, with scatterers modeled as inside a cylinder above the mobile & as more sparse with height

This paper presents a new bivariate joint distributions of uplink multipaths' two-dimensional (2D) azimuth- elevation direction-of-arrival (DOA) for a landmobile cellular wireless communication system. These distributions are based on a "geometrical" model of the three-dimensional (3D) spatial relationships among the mobile-station (MS), the scatterers, and the base-station (BS). This "geometric model" has the scatterers spatially distributed inside an above-ground 3D vertical cylinder whose flat bottom circular base centers at the mobile, and whose density tapers off as height increases. These distributions are rigorously derived via thorough mathematics, and expressed in closed form explicitly in terms of the DOA variables.