Phase space cooling and PP colliding beams of fermilab

It has recently been suggested
¹
that the present high energy synchrotrons at CERN and Fermilab could be operated as pp storage rings with a center-of-mass energy of some 800 GeV. The Fermilab Energy Doubler/Saver, in addition, would be quite suitable as a high performance storage ring, producing collisions at 2 TeV in the center-of-mass. In order to achieve useful luminosity it is necessary to: 1) collect antiprotons from ˜-80 GeV protons colliding on a stationary target, 2) cool the phase space of the initially diffuse p's, and 3) accumulate the cooled p's over cycles. Several methods have been devised to carry out this repetitive accumulation and cooling.
^2,3,4