Implantable Unpowered Parylene MEMS Intraocular Pressure Sensor

This paper presents the first implantable, unpowered, parylene-based micro-electro-mechanical-systems (MEMS) pressure sensor for intraocular pressure (IOP) sensing. From
in situ
mechanical deformation of the compliant structures, this sensor registers pressure variations without power consumption/transduction. Micromachined high-aspect-ratio thin-walled tubes in different geometric layouts are exploited to obtain a high-sensitivity pressure response. An integrated packaging method has been successfully developed to realize suture-less implantation of the device.
In vitro
testing results have demonstrated that the IOP sensor can achieve 0.67 degree/mmHg angular sensitivity with a spiral-tube design, 3.43 μm/mmHg lateral sensitivity with a long-armed-tube design, and 0.38 μm/mmHg longitudinal sensitivity with a serpentine-tube design. This IOP sensor is designed to be implanted in the anterior chamber of the eye and anchored directly on the iris so that, under incident visible light, the pressure response of the implant can be directly observed from outside the eye, which enables faithful and unpowered IOP monitoring in glaucoma patients.