Trombone Routing Mitigation Techniques for IMS/MMD Networks

Real-time services such as VoIP and multimedia streaming are affected during a mobile's rapid handoff due to the associated delay resulting from associated handoff operations of discovery, detection, configuration, registration, media redirection, and processing at different network nodes. Redundant communication path of any signaling and media adds to the delay during session setup and media delivery. This paper highlights the overall problem associated with redundant routing in a 3GPP2-based MMD (multimedia domain) environment and proposes several mechanisms to mitigate these problems. We also compare these mechanisms and select one for existing IMS/MMD networks that use MIPv4 as the mobility protocol. We present the implementation details of the selected redundant routing mitigation technique in the experimental MMD environment and verify the effectiveness by analyzing the measurement results.