Lunar Navigation and Communication System Implementation Concept

The NASA exploration Initiative provides a defining vision for the U.S. space program that will include a series of human and robotic missions to the Moon, thereby enabling ultimate exploration of Mars and other destinations. Exploration combines robotic and human mission elements that should ideally support each other in terms of advancing the ability to discover, operate, and support a sustained human presence in the lunar environment. In support of these missions, NASA has considered the implementation of a system to realize lunar navigation and communication service essential to assets at the moon. This paper describes the results of JHU/APL's efforts within a joint study between JHU/APL and NASA/GSFC, with support from NASA/GRC and JPL that details an implementation of a Lunar Relay System that could represent a floor capability of such an infrastructure by providing basic communication and navigation service to lunar assets. The approach provides a flow from a reasonable, if basic, set of requirements and desired capabilities, and details space system implementation that meets those requirements. This includes a conceptual mission design, space and payload segment, ground segment, and operational performance.