High-Speed Optical 1 $\times$ 4 Switch Based on Generalized Mach–Zehnder Interferometer With Hybrid Configuration of Silica-Based PLC and Lithium Niobate Phase-Shifter Array

We demonstrate a high-speed optical switch based on a generalized Mach-Zehnder interferometer with a hybrid configuration consisting of a silica-based planar lightwave circuit and lithium niobate phase shifters. The novel switch demonstrated here has one input and four output ports and a switching time of less than 0.1 mus, thanks to the fast response of the electrooptic phase shifters on the LN chip. The insertion loss and extinction ratio of the switch are 4.2 dB and more than 17 dB, respectively