Receiving Mutual Impedance between Two Parallel Dipole Antennas

A new mutual impedance, the receiving mutual impedance, between two parallel dipole antennas is introduced and defined rigorously. Its differences from the conventional mutual impedance are fully explained. The variation of the receiving mutual impedance with antenna separation is calculated. The superiority of the receiving mutual impedance over the conventional mutual impedance in array problems is demonstrated in a direction-finding problem