Integrated GPS and dead reckoning for low-cost vehicle navigation and tracking

GPS (global positioning system) for the private car, which spends most of its time in cities, requires augmentation by dead reckoning (DR) sensors. Comparative results are given for GPS alone, loosely coupled with DR, and tightly coupled, based on tests in Paris and England. An implementation is described where GPS, DR, route planning algorithms and map display can all run on a single CPU at minimal cost.<
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