The three-dimensional frequency-independent phased array (3D-FIPA)

Penn State has developed and has been awarded a patent for a new and innovative antenna array, the three-dimensional frequency-independent phased-array (3D-FIPA), which is described. This antenna provides low grating lobes, low sidelobe levels, nearly constant gain, beamwidth, and impedance with a low voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR) over extremely large bandwidths. The full array maximizes use of physical volume and can be built for high frequency (HF) through the microwave regions. The 3D-FIPA uniquely applies the log-periodic principle to form multi-layer dipole arrays that maintain all electrical spacings and heights over a user-specified frequency range.<
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