Design concept for the GEM detector magnet

The magnet has two symmetric and independent halves, each containing a cold mass assembly operating nominally at 4.5 K, a set of vapor cooled leads, a cold mass support system, a liquid nitrogen shield system, and a vacuum vessel. Also included in each half is a forward field shaper which provides a component of magnetic induction normal to the path of low angle muons in the forward region, thereby improving their resolution. The unique features of this magnet are the conductor design itself and the large coil diameter, which demands an on-site winding and assembly operation. The use of a natural convection thermosiphon loop for thermal radiation cooling eliminates plumbing complications. Locating the aluminium sheath outside the conduit for quench protection permits optimizing the copper-to-superconductor ratio inside the conduit for stability alone. The conceptual design for the magnet, including the design for the detector dependent magnetics, the superconducting coils and coil structure (cold mass), the coil winding process, the vacuum vessel and liquid nitrogen shields, the cold mass supports, and the magnet assembly procedure, are described.<
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