A Lattice Viewpoint for Direction of Arrival Estimation using Quantized Time Differences of Arrival

Direction of arrival (DOA) estimation from time differences of arrival (TDOA) is used in several array systems. In some cases, practical constraints may necessitate the use of heavily quantized TDOA estimates. The quantization in TDOAs also causes the directional estimate to be quantized. This paper proposes a lattice-based representation for the quantization scenario. This representation can be used to evaluate the performance of a given array when TDOAs are quantized and it also provides guidelines for optimum array design. In addition, the lattice structure can be used for evaluating the reliability of DOA estimates when other errors are present