Phase shifting transformers: principles and applications

The purpose of this paper is to give a short overview of existing technologies regarding phase shifting transformers (PST's). A classification is made based on the symmetrical or asymmetrical and on the direct or indirect character of the PST. As a case-study, the PST's in Meeden, The Netherlands are studied more profoundly. Furthermore, a model is developed on a real-time digital simulator (RTDS) in order to demonstrate the capabilities of the PST