A three-dimensional horizontally wide-angle noniterative beam-propagation method based on the alternating-direction implicit scheme

A three-dimensional horizontally wide-angle beam-propagation method is proposed on the basis of the alternating-direction implicit scheme, in which the Pade/spl acute/ approximant is applied only to the horizontal direction. The present formulation reduces the splitting error to the first order without an iteration procedure. The effectiveness is demonstrated through the wide-angle propagating beam analysis of a tilted optical waveguide.