Value creating from exchanges among organizational value chain activities - the case study of District Educational Hospital

The value chain activities within organizations are inevitably succeeded with the resource input from the upstream suppliers. As the same rule, the output of organization's value activities will be passing to its customers as input of them. In other words, the value creating activities involve the internal value chain of specific focal firm. Also the external value chain of upstream suppliers and downstream customers, which are connected by exchange behavior between businesses and construct an industry-wide value chain system namely value network. The value chain is composed of the main value activities of organizational management processes (including the department of supporting functions and value process). As for the connection for external resources combined with the internal management processes, it is required supporting value activities including technology, motivation, and improvement of human capability.