Access networks evolution & revolution

A telecom network consists essentially of three major elements, viz., switch core, transmission system and access network. The switch and transmission technologies have matured over the years and stabilized reasonably, whereas in access networks constant endeavors are taking place for cost reduction and feature enhancement. The convergence of voice, data, and video services enables the end user to reap the benefits of the technological evolution. The access products are the conduits of the delivery mechanism for telecom services and normally form up to 70% of CAPEX (capital expenditure). They also have a major bearing on QOS (quality of service).