Fast-scan imaging

Rapid imaging methods expand the potential applications of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Cardiovascular diagnosis is one important emerging application where breath-held and even real-time data acquisition is needed. MRI data collection occurs in k-space (Fourier transform space), and most techniques collect one line of k-space following each radiofrequency pulse. Fast-scan imaging refers to collecting more than just one line. Collecting a series of interleaved spirals in k-space has a number of desirable properties, particularly for cardiovascular imaging, but it also presents a number of technical difficulties. These difficulties include designing a pulse sequence to acquire the data and accurate and rapid image reconstruction methods that can correct for various nonidealities. Spiral fast-scan MRI enables real-time imaging of ventricular function, real-time coronary angiography, and high-resolution breath-held coronary artery and wall imaging.