A practical and efficient integrated system for VLSI/ULSI physical design

The paper studies and implements an integrated system for VLSI/ULSI physical design. A hierarchy mechanism is used to get great efficiency and speedup. The physical design system is integrated in three different layers, which are called the data interface layer (DIL), the data management layer (DML) and the data display layer (DDL). A quadtree data structure is used in DDL to accelerate the graphics showing and the interaction between users and the system.