A 63 GHz VCO using a standard 0.25 /spl mu/m CMOS process

A 63 GHz VCO using a 0.25 /spl mu/m 1P6M CMOS is presented. It achieves an output power of -4 dBm without any output amplifier. This VCO is tunable over a 2.5 GHz range and its phase noise is -85 dBc/Hz at 1 MHz offset. The IC covers an area of 0.315 mm/sup 2/ and consumes 118 mW maximum.