Genetically optimized fractile microstrip patch antennas

We introduce a new family of microstrip patch antennas that are based upon fractal tile (i.e., fractile) geometries. We call such antennas fractile microstrip antennas. By utilizing the properties of fractal tiles, it is possible to create single-feed modular designs for microstrip patch antennas with broadside gains that are in excess of 12 dB when they are operated to excite high-order localized modes. Two examples of fractile microstrip patch antenna configurations are presented, namely the fudgeflake and Gosper island microstrip antennas. In the design of these antennas, a genetic algorithm was employed to optimize their performance.