Wide-band SIMO 1/spl times/2 measurements and characterization of outdoor wireless channels at 1.9 GHz

This paper aims at characterizing the spatial wireless channel at 1.9 GHz, based on a 1/spl times/2 measurement chain. A typical campus/residential area and an industrial area have been investigated. The measurement equipment is constituted by an 80-MHz transmitter at 1.9 GHz, located at the top of a building. At the receiver, two omnidirectional antennas are connected to a wide-band channel sounder through a switch in order to measure an estimate of the instantaneous vector channel. It is found that the Ricean K-factor and the delay spread are lognormally distributed, while the azimuth spread at the receive side follows a Gaussian distribution. The range dependence of various parameters are pointed out and compared with empirical models. The impacts of antenna spacing and array orientation on the channel correlation are highlighted and compared to theoretical simulation results. Finally, the cross-correlation properties between K-factor, delay spread, azimuth spread, and channel correlation are analyzed.