Propagation characteristics of optical guided waves in asymmetric branching waveguides

The propagation characteristics of optical guided waves in branching waveguides with asymmetric branching angles are investigated theoretically and experimentally. From the theory and the experiments performed on the titanium-diffused LiNbO
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branching waveguides, it has been made clear that, in such branching waveguides, optical power is divided asymmetrically, depending on the asymmetry of the branching angles. Therefore, branching waveguides with asymmetric branching angles can be used to tap a desired fraction of optical power from main waveguides.