A reliability study of transmission system protection via a hidden failure DC load flow model

A hidden failure simulation model is developed for the purpose of evaluating power transmission system reliability. The model uses the "DC" load flow approximation and the linear programming technique to simulate cascading blackouts observed in NREC reports. Reliability and vulnerability indices are defined taking into account load variation. The evaluation of system reliability and relay vulnerability using these indices is illustrated via simulation results of WSCC (Western Systems Coordinating Council) 179-bus equivalent system.