Energy-Efficient Localization Game for Wireless Sensor Networks

We study the energy saving problem of nodes for the hybrid directions of arrival/received signal strength (DoA/RSS) localization scheme in wireless sensor networks. To solve this problem, both the transmission power and the sleep times of the anchor nodes are allocated while the target is required to be localized with a pre-specified accuracy. We use the leader–follower Stackelberg game to model our problem, in which, the target is the follower and the set of the target’s neighbor anchor nodes, named coalition of anchor nodes (CANs), is the leader. We prove the existence and uniqueness of the Stackelberg equilibrium (SE) by giving closed-form expressions for the SE strategies of both the target and the CANs. The superior performance of the proposed scheme is validated through simulations.