The antenna by using hybrid material and analysis the effect on human body

The hybrid material generally means artificial magnetic materials such as the AMC/ENG/MNG. In this paper, three types of antennas (Dipole/loop/Monopole) which it is generally applied to a wearable communication were designed for WBAN system. The Study on the technology of WBAN (Wireless Body Area Network) continues development and it is useful in mobile communication, medical services. The WBAN systems take into account the impact on human body because it operates in/on the human bodies which have the high dielectric constant and high electric conductivity. In particular, the antenna are changed the radiation and return loss depending on the characteristics of the surrounding medium [1, 2]. We design three kinds of antenna type such as Dipole/Loop and Monopole. It was simulated using the commercial electromagnetic simulation tool CST. Figure 1 shows the structure of a designed antenna. Figure 1(a) is a dipole antenna, Figure 1(b) is a loop, and Figure 1(c) shows a monopole antenna. The antenna is printed on a substrate (FR-4: ε
r
= 4.4, tan δ = 0.02). Thickness of the substrate is 1 mm. and the AMC structure and the ferrite with permeability (μ = 1.7) are applied to antenna in order to reduce the effect on the body. The proposed antenna is compact and the return losses are less than −10 dB over operating frequency band (2.4 GHz–2.48 GHz).