Real-time Energy Control

Today's energy control centers must meet ever-increasing real-time demands. Rising fuel costs and the operation of power systems closer to operating constraints are motivating dispatchers to continuously search for the best operational balance of economics and security. Nine modern centers design- ed to meet these increased real-time demands are surveyed. The major elements of a Leeds & Northrup Energy Control System --- computer subsystem, data acquisition equipment, man/machine interface, application programs, and dispatcher training facilities -- are reviewed.