Improving situational awareness of cyber physical systems based on operator's goals

This paper focuses on discovering the key areas of Situational Awareness (SA) and Common Operational Picture (COP) in two different environments: the monitoring room and dismounted forces operations in urban areas. The research is based on scientific publications and on two implemented environments. In urban area warfare, the Mobile Urban Area Situational Awareness System is used to evaluate the requirements and usage of dismounted troops. The monitoring room is studied using the Situational Awareness of Critical Infrastructure and Networks System. These empirical environments were implemented during research projects at the Finnish National Defence University. The paper presents a model combining the joint model of laboratories, Endsley's model of SA and the results of goal-driven task analysis for creating a service-based architecture for defining and sharing COP. The main SA model used is Endsley's level model. It has been supplemented with cyber-related perspectives and fits the selected environments well, allowing techniques that can be used to measure the SA level and define the actor's most important goals.