Influence of different dopants on physical properties of ZnO for photovoltaic applications

The paper deals with influence of aluminum, gallium and scandium as dopants on structure, electrical and optical properties of zinc oxide (ZnO) thin films as a material suitable for photovoltaic applications. Mainly optical (integral transmittance, optical band-gap energy and refractive index), structural (biaxial lattice stress, micro-strains and crystallite size) and electrical (resistivity) properties were studied. Comparison between the physical properties of the materials with different dopant elements was performed.