Post-optimization of Delta-Sigma modulators considering circuit non-idealities

Traditional system-level design of Delta-Sigma modulators follows a method based on linear modeling of the modulators without considering circuit-level non-idealities. In this paper, we propose to post-optimize system-level Delta-Sigma modulators considering circuit-level non-idealities after the traditional design. In addition, due to stochastic modeling of circuit-level non-idealities, performance evaluation of the system-level modulators is noisy. Therefore, stochastic post-optimization of modulators is needed so that noisy performance evaluation is not misleading the search for an optimal design solution.