CIS thin film development and production status at Shell Solar, May 2003

Multinary Cu(In,Ga)(Se,S)/sub 2/ absorbers are promising candidates for reducing the cost of photovoltaics well below the cost of crystalline silicon. Production rates at Shell Solar have now exceeded 1 MW/year. At the same time overall yield (for the entire production line) has reached 85%. This paper surveys the present status of CIS production, options for further scale-up and second generation products and processes under development such as RTP for selenization.