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		<title><![CDATA[ Annals of the History of Computing, IEEE - new TOC ]]></title>
		<link>http://ieeexplore.ieee.org</link>
		<description>TOC Alert for Publication# 85 </description>
		<year>2013</year>
		<month>May      </month>
		<day>16</day>
		<item>
			<title><![CDATA[Front Cover]]></title>
			<link><![CDATA[http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpl/articleDetails.jsp?arnumber=6502625]]></link>
			<description><![CDATA[Front Cover]]></description>
			<pubDate><![CDATA[Jan.-March  2013]]></pubDate>
			<guid><![CDATA[http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpl/articleDetails.jsp?arnumber=6502625]]></guid>
			<volume>35</volume>
			<issue>1</issue>
			<startPage>c1</startPage>
			<endPage>c1</endPage>
			<fileSize>273</fileSize>
			<authors><![CDATA[]]></authors>
		</item>
		<item>
			<title><![CDATA[Table of Contents]]></title>
			<link><![CDATA[http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpl/articleDetails.jsp?arnumber=6502626]]></link>
			<description><![CDATA[Table of Contents]]></description>
			<pubDate><![CDATA[Jan.-March  2013]]></pubDate>
			<guid><![CDATA[http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpl/articleDetails.jsp?arnumber=6502626]]></guid>
			<volume>35</volume>
			<issue>1</issue>
			<startPage>c2</startPage>
			<endPage>1</endPage>
			<fileSize>305</fileSize>
			<authors><![CDATA[]]></authors>
		</item>
		<item>
			<title><![CDATA[From the Editor's Desk]]></title>
			<link><![CDATA[http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpl/articleDetails.jsp?arnumber=6502619]]></link>
			<description><![CDATA[This issue features two important aspects of history of computing: computers in education and microcircuitry. Specifically, the issue includes features on the development of Watfor, a fast student-oriented Fortran compiler, at the University of Waterloo; a history of time-shared microcomputers in the early 1980s; a history of educational computers in Australia; Geoffrey W.A. Dummer's semiconductor innovation at the British Royal Radar Establishment in the 1950s; and Jay W. Lathrop's description of developing the photolithographic approach to microcircuits at the US Army Diamond Ordnance Fuze Laboratory.]]></description>
			<pubDate><![CDATA[Jan.-March  2013]]></pubDate>
			<guid><![CDATA[http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpl/articleDetails.jsp?arnumber=6502619]]></guid>
			<volume>35</volume>
			<issue>1</issue>
			<startPage>2</startPage>
			<endPage>3</endPage>
			<fileSize>346</fileSize>
			<authors><![CDATA[Heide, Lars;]]></authors>
		</item>
		<item>
			<title><![CDATA[Reviews [Four books reviewed]]]></title>
			<link><![CDATA[http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpl/articleDetails.jsp?arnumber=6502620]]></link>
			<description><![CDATA[This set of Reviews covers Eden Medina's Cybernetic Revolutionaries (MIT Press, 2011), Per Lundin's Computers in Swedish Society (Springer, 2012), George Dyson's Turing's Cathedral (Pantheon Books, 2012), James W. Cortada's History Hunting (M.E. Sharpe, 2012).]]></description>
			<pubDate><![CDATA[Jan.-March  2013]]></pubDate>
			<guid><![CDATA[http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpl/articleDetails.jsp?arnumber=6502620]]></guid>
			<volume>35</volume>
			<issue>1</issue>
			<startPage>4</startPage>
			<endPage>10</endPage>
			<fileSize>499</fileSize>
			<authors><![CDATA[Russell, Andrew;]]></authors>
		</item>
		<item>
			<title><![CDATA[&#x0022;Wat For Ever:&#x0022; Student-Oriented Computing at the University of Waterloo]]></title>
			<link><![CDATA[http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpl/articleDetails.jsp?arnumber=6127844]]></link>
			<description><![CDATA[In 1965, four undergraduates at the University of Waterloo wrote Watfor, a fast student-oriented Fortran compiler for the school's IBM 7040, largely because the available Fortran compiler was slow and offered weak diagnostic and debugging tools. This article describes the birth and evolution of the Watfor family and explores how it fits into the University of Waterloo's unique-within-Canada cooperative education program and pedagogical philosophy.]]></description>
			<pubDate><![CDATA[Jan.-March  2013]]></pubDate>
			<guid><![CDATA[http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpl/articleDetails.jsp?arnumber=6127844]]></guid>
			<volume>35</volume>
			<issue>1</issue>
			<startPage>11</startPage>
			<endPage>22</endPage>
			<fileSize>903</fileSize>
			<authors><![CDATA[Campbell, S.;]]></authors>
		</item>
		<item>
			<title><![CDATA[The Best of Both Worlds? A History of Time-Shared Microcomputers, 1977&amp;#x2013;1983]]></title>
			<link><![CDATA[http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpl/articleDetails.jsp?arnumber=6226335]]></link>
			<description><![CDATA[This account of the evolution of time-shared microcomputers, often overlooked members of the microcomputer industry, looks at articles and advertisements that appeared in Byte magazine from 1977 to 1983. The author's quantitative and qualitative analysis reveals that time-shared microcomputers attempted to combine the best aspects of microcomputer and mini-computer/mainframe technologies and, for a time, were a considerable, important part of the microcomputer industry.]]></description>
			<pubDate><![CDATA[Jan.-March  2013]]></pubDate>
			<guid><![CDATA[http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpl/articleDetails.jsp?arnumber=6226335]]></guid>
			<volume>35</volume>
			<issue>1</issue>
			<startPage>23</startPage>
			<endPage>34</endPage>
			<fileSize>623</fileSize>
			<authors><![CDATA[Fevolden, A.M.;]]></authors>
		</item>
		<item>
			<title><![CDATA[The Australian Educational Computer That Never Was]]></title>
			<link><![CDATA[http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpl/articleDetails.jsp?arnumber=6175877]]></link>
			<description><![CDATA[Computers are now commonly used in Australian schools, as in most developed countries. In the early 1980s, a multitude of incompatible microcomputers sought to enter the education market, presenting a significant problem in terms of technical support and teacher professional development. To address this, Australia investigated designing and building its own educational computer. This article tells the story of how Australia's educational computer was designed but never actually built.]]></description>
			<pubDate><![CDATA[Jan.-March  2013]]></pubDate>
			<guid><![CDATA[http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpl/articleDetails.jsp?arnumber=6175877]]></guid>
			<volume>35</volume>
			<issue>1</issue>
			<startPage>35</startPage>
			<endPage>47</endPage>
			<fileSize>742</fileSize>
			<authors><![CDATA[Tatnall, A.;]]></authors>
		</item>
		<item>
			<title><![CDATA[The Diamond Ordnance Fuze Laboratory's Photolithographic Approach to Microcircuits]]></title>
			<link><![CDATA[http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpl/articleDetails.jsp?arnumber=6109207]]></link>
			<description><![CDATA[From 1952 to 1958, Jay Lathrop worked on a project at the National Bureau of Standards (later the US Army Diamond Ordnance Fuze Laboratory) to develop microminiaturized, transistorized hybrid integrated circuits for radio proximity fuzes. In this article, Lathrop describes his experiences during this project, the development of photolithography, and how photolithography became critical in the first efforts to produce semiconductor ICs.]]></description>
			<pubDate><![CDATA[Jan.-March  2013]]></pubDate>
			<guid><![CDATA[http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpl/articleDetails.jsp?arnumber=6109207]]></guid>
			<volume>35</volume>
			<issue>1</issue>
			<startPage>48</startPage>
			<endPage>55</endPage>
			<fileSize>569</fileSize>
			<authors><![CDATA[Lathrop, J.W.;]]></authors>
		</item>
		<item>
			<title><![CDATA[Dummer's Vision of Solid Circuits at the UK Royal Radar Establishment]]></title>
			<link><![CDATA[http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpl/articleDetails.jsp?arnumber=6030865]]></link>
			<description><![CDATA[This article described the history of Geoffery Dummer's idea of semiconductor &#x201C;solid circuits&#x201D; and microchips. The author foresaw the future of microcircuitry, but due to inadequate funding, lack of access to necessary expertise, and skepticism by potential customers, the RRE project to construct the first integrated circuit was doomed to failure.]]></description>
			<pubDate><![CDATA[Jan.-March  2013]]></pubDate>
			<guid><![CDATA[http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpl/articleDetails.jsp?arnumber=6030865]]></guid>
			<volume>35</volume>
			<issue>1</issue>
			<startPage>56</startPage>
			<endPage>66</endPage>
			<fileSize>713</fileSize>
			<authors><![CDATA[Green, M.;]]></authors>
		</item>
		<item>
			<title><![CDATA[Events and Sightings]]></title>
			<link><![CDATA[http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpl/articleDetails.jsp?arnumber=6502621]]></link>
			<description><![CDATA[This Events and Sightings department article covers recent activities at the Computer History Museum, an obituary of Yutaka Ohno, an award ceremony for Ivan Sutherland's Kyoto Prize, and SIGCIS events at the 2012 SHOT Conference.]]></description>
			<pubDate><![CDATA[Jan.-March  2013]]></pubDate>
			<guid><![CDATA[http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpl/articleDetails.jsp?arnumber=6502621]]></guid>
			<volume>35</volume>
			<issue>1</issue>
			<startPage>67</startPage>
			<endPage>71</endPage>
			<fileSize>2204</fileSize>
			<authors><![CDATA[Kita, Chigusa;]]></authors>
		</item>
		<item>
			<title><![CDATA[Rolf Sk&amp;#x00E5;r]]></title>
			<link><![CDATA[http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpl/articleDetails.jsp?arnumber=6502622]]></link>
			<description><![CDATA[Rolf Sk&amp;#x00E5;r was one of three cofounders of the Norwegian computer company Norsk Data. During his many years with Norsk Data, he worked in various phases of the business including software development and sales and marketing. His final position with the company was as president and CEO. As a renowned business man in Norway, after Norsk Data he has served positions of leadership and innovation in government agencies and business consulting and has represented Norway in the European Space Agency.]]></description>
			<pubDate><![CDATA[Jan.-March  2013]]></pubDate>
			<guid><![CDATA[http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpl/articleDetails.jsp?arnumber=6502622]]></guid>
			<volume>35</volume>
			<issue>1</issue>
			<startPage>72</startPage>
			<endPage>77</endPage>
			<fileSize>534</fileSize>
			<authors><![CDATA[]]></authors>
		</item>
		<item>
			<title><![CDATA[Starr Roxanne Hiltz: Pioneer Digital Sociologist]]></title>
			<link><![CDATA[http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpl/articleDetails.jsp?arnumber=6502623]]></link>
			<description><![CDATA[Starr Roxanne Hiltz, coauthor of the acclaimed 1978 book The Network Nation, was one of the earliest sociologists to study online and virtual communities. Her groundbreaking work with Murray Turoff forecast the future development of virtual communities and their effects on society, politics, and law as well as helped to set a precedence for online learning and group decision-making research.]]></description>
			<pubDate><![CDATA[Jan.-March  2013]]></pubDate>
			<guid><![CDATA[http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpl/articleDetails.jsp?arnumber=6502623]]></guid>
			<volume>35</volume>
			<issue>1</issue>
			<startPage>78</startPage>
			<endPage>85</endPage>
			<fileSize>549</fileSize>
			<authors><![CDATA[Subramanian, Ramesh;]]></authors>
		</item>
		<item>
			<title><![CDATA[De-Brogramming the History of Computing]]></title>
			<link><![CDATA[http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpl/articleDetails.jsp?arnumber=6502624]]></link>
			<description><![CDATA[In April 2012, the term brogrammer became part of the national consciousness thanks to a frenzy of media scrutiny kicked off by a Mother Jones article. The piece was meant to sound an alarm about the state of the American high tech culture. In this and other such instances, however, the coverage resulted in an unexpected, violent backlash from the male-dominated gaming and IT communities. The author argues that rather than disregarding these occurrences as fringe incidents, such episodes can show us something about mainstream computing culture. Specifically, refocusing attention on the differences among the less powerful, even the relatively anonymous, can help historians of computing add to the texture and variety of the past. Critically, it will also help avoid assumptions about gender in different national and sociotechnical contexts.]]></description>
			<pubDate><![CDATA[Jan.-March  2013]]></pubDate>
			<guid><![CDATA[http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpl/articleDetails.jsp?arnumber=6502624]]></guid>
			<volume>35</volume>
			<issue>1</issue>
			<startPage>88</startPage>
			<endPage>88</endPage>
			<fileSize>197</fileSize>
			<authors><![CDATA[Hicks, M.;]]></authors>
		</item>
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			<title><![CDATA[Richard E. Merwin Student Leadership Scholarship House Advertisement]]></title>
			<link><![CDATA[http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpl/articleDetails.jsp?arnumber=6502627]]></link>
			<description><![CDATA[Richard E. Merwin Student Leadership Scholarship House Advertisement]]></description>
			<pubDate><![CDATA[Jan.-March  2013]]></pubDate>
			<guid><![CDATA[http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpl/articleDetails.jsp?arnumber=6502627]]></guid>
			<volume>35</volume>
			<issue>1</issue>
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			<title><![CDATA[Software House Advertisement]]></title>
			<link><![CDATA[http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpl/articleDetails.jsp?arnumber=6502628]]></link>
			<description><![CDATA[Software House Advertisement]]></description>
			<pubDate><![CDATA[Jan.-March  2013]]></pubDate>
			<guid><![CDATA[http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpl/articleDetails.jsp?arnumber=6502628]]></guid>
			<volume>35</volume>
			<issue>1</issue>
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