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		<title><![CDATA[ Spectrum, IEEE - new TOC ]]></title>
		<link>http://ieeexplore.ieee.org</link>
		<description>TOC Alert for Publication# 6 </description>
		<year>2008</year>
		<month>November </month>
		<day>19</day>
		<item>
			<title><![CDATA[IEEE Spectrum - Front cover]]></title>
			<link><![CDATA[http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpls/abs_all.jsp?isnumber=4659367&arnumber=4659368]]></link>
			<description><![CDATA[ ]]></description>
			<pubDate><![CDATA[November  2008]]></pubDate>
			<guid><![CDATA[http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpls/abs_all.jsp?isnumber=4659367&arnumber=4659368]]></guid>
			<volume>45</volume>
			<issue>11</issue>
			<startPage>c1</startPage>
			<endPage>c1</endPage>
			<fileSize>1902</fileSize>
			<authors><![CDATA[]]></authors>
		</item>
		<item>
			<title><![CDATA[Table of contents]]></title>
			<link><![CDATA[http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpls/abs_all.jsp?isnumber=4659367&arnumber=4659369]]></link>
			<description><![CDATA[ ]]></description>
			<pubDate><![CDATA[November  2008]]></pubDate>
			<guid><![CDATA[http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpls/abs_all.jsp?isnumber=4659367&arnumber=4659369]]></guid>
			<volume>45</volume>
			<issue>11</issue>
			<startPage>1</startPage>
			<endPage>3</endPage>
			<fileSize>2823</fileSize>
			<authors><![CDATA[]]></authors>
		</item>
		<item>
			<title><![CDATA[The ties that bind [back story]]]></title>
			<link><![CDATA[http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpls/abs_all.jsp?isnumber=4659367&arnumber=4659370]]></link>
			<description><![CDATA[Some 2000 years ago, North Africa was an integral part of the Roman Empire. Those early ties with Europe are apparent from the Roman ruins that remain there, including those of Leptis Magna, in Libya. The spectacular theater of this ancient city was one of the few tourist sites that Contributing Editor Peter Fairley [above] was able to take in during his journeys.]]></description>
			<pubDate><![CDATA[November  2008]]></pubDate>
			<guid><![CDATA[http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpls/abs_all.jsp?isnumber=4659367&arnumber=4659370]]></guid>
			<volume>45</volume>
			<issue>11</issue>
			<startPage>4</startPage>
			<endPage>4</endPage>
			<fileSize>999</fileSize>
			<authors><![CDATA[]]></authors>
		</item>
		<item>
			<title><![CDATA[Contributors]]></title>
			<link><![CDATA[http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpls/abs_all.jsp?isnumber=4659367&arnumber=4659371]]></link>
			<description><![CDATA[ ]]></description>
			<pubDate><![CDATA[November  2008]]></pubDate>
			<guid><![CDATA[http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpls/abs_all.jsp?isnumber=4659367&arnumber=4659371]]></guid>
			<volume>45</volume>
			<issue>11</issue>
			<startPage>6</startPage>
			<endPage>6</endPage>
			<fileSize>484</fileSize>
			<authors><![CDATA[]]></authors>
		</item>
		<item>
			<title><![CDATA[Driving the DOD toward change [spectral lines]]]></title>
			<link><![CDATA[http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpls/abs_all.jsp?isnumber=4659367&arnumber=4659372]]></link>
			<description><![CDATA[¿DOD [the U.S. Department of Defense] is not receiving expected returns on its large investment in weapon systems. Since fiscal year 2000, DOD significantly increased the number of major defense acquisition programs and its overall investment in them. During this same time period, the performance of the DOD portfolio has gotten worse. The total acquisition cost of DOD¿s 2007 portfolio of major programs under development or in production has grown by nearly $300 billion over initial estimates. Current programs are also experiencing, on average, a 21-month delay in delivering initial capabilities to the warfighter¿often forcing DOD to spend additional funds on maintaining legacy systems.¿]]></description>
			<pubDate><![CDATA[November  2008]]></pubDate>
			<guid><![CDATA[http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpls/abs_all.jsp?isnumber=4659367&arnumber=4659372]]></guid>
			<volume>45</volume>
			<issue>11</issue>
			<startPage>10</startPage>
			<endPage>10</endPage>
			<fileSize>1203</fileSize>
			<authors><![CDATA[]]></authors>
		</item>
		<item>
			<title><![CDATA[Forum]]></title>
			<link><![CDATA[http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpls/abs_all.jsp?isnumber=4659367&arnumber=4659373]]></link>
			<description><![CDATA[ ]]></description>
			<pubDate><![CDATA[November  2008]]></pubDate>
			<guid><![CDATA[http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpls/abs_all.jsp?isnumber=4659367&arnumber=4659373]]></guid>
			<volume>45</volume>
			<issue>11</issue>
			<startPage>10</startPage>
			<endPage>10</endPage>
			<fileSize>261</fileSize>
			<authors><![CDATA[]]></authors>
		</item>
		<item>
			<title><![CDATA[High speed down under [update]]]></title>
			<link><![CDATA[http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpls/abs_all.jsp?isnumber=4659367&arnumber=4659374]]></link>
			<description><![CDATA[An Australian national broadband network began as a 2007 election campaign promise. Liberal party Senator Helen Coonan, then communications minister, said it couldn¿t be done. The Labor party¿s telecom expert, Senator Stephen Conroy, thought otherwise. Now that Conroy¿s party is in the majority, he¿s taken over as communications minister, and Australia plans to invest AUS $4.7 billion (US $3.1 billion) in a national network. After numerous delays and worry that the government would not follow through, the project seems to be on track¿telecommunication companies vying for the job are to submit their proposals by 26 November. The government plans to pick a winner in early 2009.]]></description>
			<pubDate><![CDATA[November  2008]]></pubDate>
			<guid><![CDATA[http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpls/abs_all.jsp?isnumber=4659367&arnumber=4659374]]></guid>
			<volume>45</volume>
			<issue>11</issue>
			<startPage>13</startPage>
			<endPage>14</endPage>
			<fileSize>2545</fileSize>
			<authors><![CDATA[Heger, M.;]]></authors>
		</item>
		<item>
			<title><![CDATA[Multicore is bad news for supercomputers]]></title>
			<link><![CDATA[http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpls/abs_all.jsp?isnumber=4659367&arnumber=4659375]]></link>
			<description><![CDATA[With no other way to improve the performance of processors further, chip makers have staked their future on putting more and more processor cores on the same chip. Engineers at Sandia National Laboratories, in New Mexico, have simulated future high-performance computers containing the 8-core, 16¿core, and 32-core microprocessors that chip makers say are the future of the industry. The results are distressing. Because of limited memory bandwidth and memory-management schemes that are poorly suited to supercomputers, the performance of these machines would level off or even decline with more cores. The performance is especially bad for informatics applications¿ data-intensive programs that are increasingly crucial to the labs¿ national security function.]]></description>
			<pubDate><![CDATA[November  2008]]></pubDate>
			<guid><![CDATA[http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpls/abs_all.jsp?isnumber=4659367&arnumber=4659375]]></guid>
			<volume>45</volume>
			<issue>11</issue>
			<startPage>15</startPage>
			<endPage>15</endPage>
			<fileSize>427</fileSize>
			<authors><![CDATA[Moore, S.K.;]]></authors>
		</item>
		<item>
			<title><![CDATA[Self-healing hulls [update]]]></title>
			<link><![CDATA[http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpls/abs_all.jsp?isnumber=4659367&arnumber=4659376]]></link>
			<description><![CDATA[Among the claims to fame of Switzerland¿s Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) is Alinghi, the yacht, which won not one but two America¿s Cups. Part of that success can be attributed to the state-of-the-art carbon-fiber composites that make up Alinghi¿s hull. In many cases, such composites can substantially heal themselves following a collision. Now a graduate student has invented a way to juice the self-healing with a little electric current.]]></description>
			<pubDate><![CDATA[November  2008]]></pubDate>
			<guid><![CDATA[http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpls/abs_all.jsp?isnumber=4659367&arnumber=4659376]]></guid>
			<volume>45</volume>
			<issue>11</issue>
			<startPage>16</startPage>
			<endPage>16</endPage>
			<fileSize>932</fileSize>
			<authors><![CDATA[Adee, S.;]]></authors>
		</item>
		<item>
			<title><![CDATA[Water goes off the grid [update]]]></title>
			<link><![CDATA[http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpls/abs_all.jsp?isnumber=4659367&arnumber=4659377]]></link>
			<description><![CDATA[The escalating cost of electricity has sent a growing number of consumers in search of ways to generate electricity at home. Element Four, based in Kelowna, B.C., Canada, is betting that with bottled-water consumption increasing and aging water distribution systems, water will be the next commodity consumers will want to produce at home. The company has done what it says is a top-to-bottom reinvention of the atmospheric-water generator¿a device that pulls water from the air by cooling it to the point that condensation forms and then keeps it sterile for drinking.]]></description>
			<pubDate><![CDATA[November  2008]]></pubDate>
			<guid><![CDATA[http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpls/abs_all.jsp?isnumber=4659367&arnumber=4659377]]></guid>
			<volume>45</volume>
			<issue>11</issue>
			<startPage>18</startPage>
			<endPage>18</endPage>
			<fileSize>231</fileSize>
			<authors><![CDATA[Moore, S.K.;]]></authors>
		</item>
		<item>
			<title><![CDATA[Gas pains [commentary]]]></title>
			<link><![CDATA[http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpls/abs_all.jsp?isnumber=4659367&arnumber=4659378]]></link>
			<description><![CDATA[Russia expert Marshall Goldman has dubbed the country a ¿ petrostate,¿ but with all due respect, that¿s somewhat misleading; Russia is really a gigantic natural-gas company backed by a huge nuclear arsenal and an increasingly proficient, conventional military [see The Data, in this issue]. Though it¿s also a top oil producer, it uses almost all of its oil itself and has little influence on the world market. But with its seemingly boundless gas reserves, Russia is in a position to dominate the Eurasian market for at least a generation to come.]]></description>
			<pubDate><![CDATA[November  2008]]></pubDate>
			<guid><![CDATA[http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpls/abs_all.jsp?isnumber=4659367&arnumber=4659378]]></guid>
			<volume>45</volume>
			<issue>11</issue>
			<startPage>19</startPage>
			<endPage>19</endPage>
			<fileSize>1033</fileSize>
			<authors><![CDATA[]]></authors>
		</item>
		<item>
			<title><![CDATA[Arachnoid affair [the big picture]]]></title>
			<link><![CDATA[http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpls/abs_all.jsp?isnumber=4659367&arnumber=4659379]]></link>
			<description><![CDATA[Early in September, a gigantic mechanical spider took to the streets of Liverpool, England, drawing a crowd of tens of thousands that paralyzed the city center. It was all part of an arts and culture celebration, and for two days the 15-meter-high arachnid paraded through town accompanied by musicians and other performers.]]></description>
			<pubDate><![CDATA[November  2008]]></pubDate>
			<guid><![CDATA[http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpls/abs_all.jsp?isnumber=4659367&arnumber=4659379]]></guid>
			<volume>45</volume>
			<issue>11</issue>
			<startPage>20</startPage>
			<endPage>21</endPage>
			<fileSize>10515</fileSize>
			<authors><![CDATA[]]></authors>
		</item>
		<item>
			<title><![CDATA[The blinking light [reflections]]]></title>
			<link><![CDATA[http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpls/abs_all.jsp?isnumber=4659367&arnumber=4659380]]></link>
			<description><![CDATA[I was considering buying a new desktop computer, and I thought I had found the ideal model. That is, until I noticed that one little thing was missing¿the activity light for the hard drive. The manufacturer probably saved a few cents by leaving it out, but that little light was of some psychological importance to me. How could I possibly buy a computer that was just going to sit there and not give me any indication that it was working?]]></description>
			<pubDate><![CDATA[November  2008]]></pubDate>
			<guid><![CDATA[http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpls/abs_all.jsp?isnumber=4659367&arnumber=4659380]]></guid>
			<volume>45</volume>
			<issue>11</issue>
			<startPage>24</startPage>
			<endPage>24</endPage>
			<fileSize>455</fileSize>
			<authors><![CDATA[Lucky, R.W.;]]></authors>
		</item>
		<item>
			<title><![CDATA[Gifts]]></title>
			<link><![CDATA[http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpls/abs_all.jsp?isnumber=4659367&arnumber=4659381]]></link>
			<description><![CDATA[ ]]></description>
			<pubDate><![CDATA[November  2008]]></pubDate>
			<guid><![CDATA[http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpls/abs_all.jsp?isnumber=4659367&arnumber=4659381]]></guid>
			<volume>45</volume>
			<issue>11</issue>
			<startPage>25</startPage>
			<endPage>30</endPage>
			<fileSize>4932</fileSize>
			<authors><![CDATA[Kumagai, J.;Dern, D.P.;Guizzo, E.;Sontag, S.;Cherry, S.;Perry, T.S.;]]></authors>
		</item>
		<item>
			<title><![CDATA[What's wrong with weapons acquisitions?]]></title>
			<link><![CDATA[http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpls/abs_all.jsp?isnumber=4659367&arnumber=4659382]]></link>
			<description><![CDATA[The Army was so keen on the ACS, in fact, that it showcased the program to Congress and the American public as an example of cost-efficient and timely procurement. The service was still smarting from several high-profile failures, including the cancellations of the Crusader howitzer and the Comanche helicopter. And so, in August 2004, when the Army awarded a US $879 million five-year contract for the ACS to a team from Lockheed Martin and the Brazilian aircraft company Embraer, it had high hopes. Lockheed did too: it stood to earn an additional $7 billion once the plane entered production.]]></description>
			<pubDate><![CDATA[November  2008]]></pubDate>
			<guid><![CDATA[http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpls/abs_all.jsp?isnumber=4659367&arnumber=4659382]]></guid>
			<volume>45</volume>
			<issue>11</issue>
			<startPage>33</startPage>
			<endPage>39</endPage>
			<fileSize>4800</fileSize>
			<authors><![CDATA[Charette, R.N.;]]></authors>
		</item>
		<item>
			<title><![CDATA[Idiot-proofing the defibrillator]]></title>
			<link><![CDATA[http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpls/abs_all.jsp?isnumber=4659367&arnumber=4659383]]></link>
			<description><![CDATA[At its best, the human heart is a supple machine. When the hydraulics work as they should, an electric current rhythmically moves blood through the heart¿s four chambers. Electric impulses travel along specialized fibers and then dart from cell to cell, causing the muscle fibers to contract and relax as regularly as a second hand ticking around a clock face. When they contract, the muscle fibers create high-pressure regions that push open the heart¿s valves. Blood pours out of one chamber into another, and just ahead of the blood travels the current, methodically exciting the right fibers and cells in sequence.]]></description>
			<pubDate><![CDATA[November  2008]]></pubDate>
			<guid><![CDATA[http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpls/abs_all.jsp?isnumber=4659367&arnumber=4659383]]></guid>
			<volume>45</volume>
			<issue>11</issue>
			<startPage>40</startPage>
			<endPage>45</endPage>
			<fileSize>1432</fileSize>
			<authors><![CDATA[Kroll, M.W.;Kroll, K.;Gilman, B.;]]></authors>
		</item>
		<item>
			<title><![CDATA[Seeing double]]></title>
			<link><![CDATA[http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpls/abs_all.jsp?isnumber=4659367&arnumber=4659384]]></link>
			<description><![CDATA[In 1971, Intel astounded the world with its 4004 microprocessor, whose 2300 transistors could execute 60 000 instructions per second. Today, the 820 million transistors of an Intel Core 2 Extreme chip can process nearly 72 billion instructions per second.]]></description>
			<pubDate><![CDATA[November  2008]]></pubDate>
			<guid><![CDATA[http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpls/abs_all.jsp?isnumber=4659367&arnumber=4659384]]></guid>
			<volume>45</volume>
			<issue>11</issue>
			<startPage>46</startPage>
			<endPage>51</endPage>
			<fileSize>4570</fileSize>
			<authors><![CDATA[Mack, C.A.;]]></authors>
		</item>
		<item>
			<title><![CDATA[Closing the circuit]]></title>
			<link><![CDATA[http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpls/abs_all.jsp?isnumber=4659367&arnumber=4659385]]></link>
			<description><![CDATA[With bandannas protecting their faces from the blistering sun and blowing sand, day laborers smooth the ground over freshly buried cables at Libya¿s newest electrical substation. Until a few years ago, this same patch of ochre earth in the sparsely populated Bir Osta Milad district, located on the outskirts of Tripoli, was the site of a Scud missile plant. Today, thanks to Libya¿s oil revenues and its recent rapprochement with the West, the rocket parts are gone, replaced by gas-­insulated switchgear, transformers, and state-of-the-art controls. This and more than a dozen other 400-­kilovolt substations located throughout Libya will bolster that country¿s beleaguered power grid. But these improvements are also part of a much larger drama. That¿s because they will form a key bridge for an electrical superhighway that could soon bind the fractious nations on the south side of the Mediterranean Sea.]]></description>
			<pubDate><![CDATA[November  2008]]></pubDate>
			<guid><![CDATA[http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpls/abs_all.jsp?isnumber=4659367&arnumber=4659385]]></guid>
			<volume>45</volume>
			<issue>11</issue>
			<startPage>52</startPage>
			<endPage>60</endPage>
			<fileSize>12728</fileSize>
			<authors><![CDATA[Fairley, P.;]]></authors>
		</item>
		<item>
			<title><![CDATA[Russia rules Eurasian gas roost [the data]]]></title>
			<link><![CDATA[http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpls/abs_all.jsp?isnumber=4659367&arnumber=4659386]]></link>
			<description><![CDATA[Russia has the world¿s largest natural gas reserves and is the world¿s top gas producer and exporter, supplying a quarter of the European Union¿s consumption. The Russian bloc¿Russia and the ¿stans¿¿accounts for nearly two-thirds of Europe¿s imports, including those of the Baltic states (Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania), Belarus, and Ukraine.]]></description>
			<pubDate><![CDATA[November  2008]]></pubDate>
			<guid><![CDATA[http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpls/abs_all.jsp?isnumber=4659367&arnumber=4659386]]></guid>
			<volume>45</volume>
			<issue>11</issue>
			<startPage>100</startPage>
			<endPage>100</endPage>
			<fileSize>1719</fileSize>
			<authors><![CDATA[Sweet, W.;]]></authors>
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