http://ieeexplore.ieee.org TOC Alert for Publication# 27 2012 May 21 40 5 C1 C1 36 40 5 C2 C2 38 40 5 1265 1266 83 $hbox{O}^{+}$) yields energetic ion beams. The rapidly moving pickup ions excite plasma instabilities and yield optical emissions after dissociative recombination with ambient electrons. Line-of-sight techniques for remote measurements rocket burn effects include direct observation of plume optical emissions with ground and satellite cameras, and plume scatter with UHF and higher frequency radars. Long range detection with HF radars is possible if the burns occur in the dense part of the ionosphere. The exhaust vapors initiate plasma turbulence in the ionosphere that can scatter HF radar waves launched from ground transmitters. Solid rocket motors provide particulates that become charged in the ionosphere and may excite dusty plasma instabilities. Hypersonic exhaust flow impacting the ionospheric plasma launches a low-frequency, electromagnetic pulse that is detectable using satellites with electric field booms. If the exhaust cloud itself passes over a satellite, in situ detectors measure increased ion-acoustic wave turbulence, enhanced neutral and plasma densities, elevated ion temperatures, and magnetic field perturbations. All of these techniques can be used for long range observations of plumes in the ionosphere. To demonstrate such long range measurements, several experiments were conducted by the Naval Research Laboratory including the Charged Aerosol Release Experiment, the Shuttle Ionospheric Modification with Pulsed Localized Exhaust experiments, and the Shuttle Exhaust Ionospheric Turbulence Experiments.]]> 40 5 1267 1286 3426 $lesssim$1.5 MJ, PLX is focusing on the generation of centimeter-, microsecond-, and megabar-scale plasmas for the fundamental study of high energy density laboratory plasmas. In the longer term, PLX can enable a research and development path to plasma liner MIF ultimately requiring compressing magnetized fusion fuel to $gtrsim$100 Mbar.]]> 40 5 1287 1298 955 40 5 1299 1302 592 40 5 1303 1310 799 40 5 1311 1323 1048 $hbox{NO}_{x}$ in air mixtures. Plasma chemical kinetics and the processing window width are controlled by plasma characteristics. Results show that, besides the plasma source design itself, the material of the electrodes plays a crucial role. It was found that, by using graphite electrodes, a 100% removal of NO from the air mixtures is possible without necessity of adding hydrocarbons. This paper presents results of oxygen screening, discusses the mechanisms of the process, and reports also on the $hbox{CO}_{2}$ reduction in some discharge regimes.]]> 40 5 1324 1328 791 40 5 C3 C3 37 40 5 C4 C4 18