Ferroelectric and piezoelectric properties of Fe doped lead free BaTiO3-CaTiO3 electroceramics

Ferroelectric and piezoelectric properties of lead-free BaTiO₃ (BT), Ba_0.92Ca_0.08TiO₃ (BCT8) and Fe doped (~ 1.25, 1.5 and 2 wt. %) BCT8 electroceramics prepared by solid state reaction have been studied. X-ray diffraction results confirm the formation of tetragonal crystal lattice symmetry. All the samples exhibit typical polarization-electric field (P-E) hysteresis loop as well as strain-electric field (S-E) butterfly loop endorses the ferroelectric and piezoelectric nature, respectively. The ferroelectric (polarization) and piezoelectric (strain) properties of BCT 8 were observed to be suppressed with Fe doping. The 2 wt. % Fe doped BCT8 electroceramics shows the typical magnetization-magnetic field (M-H) hysteresis loop at room temperature evidences the presence of multiferroic nature.